Joint stiffness in dogs: helping your dog move better

Is your dog slower to get up in the morning? Do they hesitate before jumping into the car? Joint stiffness in dogs is common, especially with age or in certain breeds. That doesn't mean nothing can be done. With your veterinarian's help and a few everyday adjustments, you can help your dog move more easily.

Signs of joint stiffness in dogs

Dogs rarely complain. Their behaviour changes instead, often little by little.

• They get up slowly after a nap, especially in the morning.
• They limp at the start of a walk, then seem to loosen up.
• They hesitate in front of stairs, the couch or the car.
• They lie down or sit carefully, in several stages.
• They often lick the same leg or joint.
• They play less, cut walks short or lag behind.

These signs can seem minor. They still deserve your attention.

Step one: see your veterinarian

Stiffness can have several causes. Only your veterinarian can find out which one and suggest a plan suited to your dog. The sooner you go, the more options you have.

Before the appointment, note when the stiffness shows up (on waking, after exercise, in cold weather) and film your dog walking. This information helps a lot.

Important: never give your dog medication meant for people. Several, like ibuprofen or acetaminophen, are dangerous for dogs. If you're thinking about a joint supplement, talk to your veterinarian about that too: they can tell you whether it's appropriate.

A healthy weight, an everyday ally

Every extra pound adds load on the hips, elbows and knees. Keeping your dog at a healthy weight is one of the most useful things you can do for their comfort.

• Check their shape: you should be able to feel their ribs easily under your fingers without seeing them. Your vet can show you how to assess body condition.
• Measure meals rather than serving by eye.
• Watch the extras: table scraps and large treats add up fast. To reward often, choose small bites. Our duck training treats have about 2.7 kcal each.

If your dog needs to lose weight, do it with your veterinarian. Losing weight too quickly isn't a good idea.

Keep moving, differently

A stiff dog still needs to move. Activity helps maintain the muscles that support the joints. The secret: a little, but often.

• Warm up: start each outing with a few minutes of slow walking.
• Several short outings: two or three short walks beat one long hike.
• Flat, stable ground: avoid steep slopes, repeated stairs and icy surfaces.
• Gentle games: sniffing and search games stimulate without straining. Limit ball throwing that involves sudden stops and sharp turns.
• Swimming: it's a joint-friendly activity. Ask your vet first, and always stay close to your dog in the water.

Your veterinarian can also refer you to an animal rehabilitation professional for suitable exercises.

At home: make every move easier

• Non-slip rugs on slippery floors.
• A ramp for the couch, the bed or the car.
• A thick, firm bed away from drafts.
• Well-trimmed nails for better grip.

We go into more detail in our article on adapting your home for an older dog.

What about winter?

Many owners notice their dog is stiffer in cold, damp weather. Keep their resting spot warm and dry, shorten outings during deep cold snaps and consider a coat if they're cold-sensitive. After walks, wipe their paws to remove de-icing salt.

Frequently asked questions

Does stiffness only affect older dogs?

No. It's more common with age, but a young dog can be stiff too, for example after an injury. Any stiffness that lasts deserves a vet visit.

Can I massage my dog?

A gentle muscle massage is often welcome. Avoid pressing on the joints, and stop if your dog seems uncomfortable. Your vet can show you the right moves.

My dog only limps at the start of a walk. Should I worry?

It's a sign to take seriously. Talk to your veterinarian without waiting for the next annual visit.

In short

When it comes to joint stiffness in dogs, the right first step is a visit to the vet. After that, a healthy weight, short regular outings and an adapted home help your dog enjoy moving again. You know your dog better than anyone: trust what you see.