Signs of pain in dogs: how to tell if your dog is hurting

A dog in pain doesn't always show it. They may not whine, and they may even keep wagging their tail. Knowing the signs of pain in dogs helps you react quickly and see the vet at the right time. Here's what to watch for.

Why do dogs hide pain?

Dogs tend to mask discomfort, especially when it builds slowly. They adapt: they move less, change position, avoid certain movements. These changes are subtle. That's why your eye matters so much.

Signs of pain in dogs to watch for

Changes in behaviour

• They withdraw or, on the contrary, follow you everywhere looking for comfort.
• They become irritable, growl when touched in a specific spot or when picked up.
• They seem restless, can't settle or pant for no obvious reason.
• They lose interest in play or walks.

Posture and movement

• They limp, take shorter steps or avoid putting weight on a leg.
• Their back is hunched or their head is held low.
• They get up or lie down slowly, and hesitate before stairs or jumps.
• They often lick, nibble or stare at the same area of their body.

Appetite, sleep and grooming

• They eat less, chew on one side or drop their food.
• They sleep poorly, shift position often or sleep much more than usual.
• Their coat looks unkempt, or they avoid being brushed.

Their face

Squinting eyes, ears pinned back or a fixed, tense gaze can also reveal discomfort.

When to see the vet quickly

If in doubt, call your veterinarian. It's always better to ask. Some situations, however, call for a visit right away, at your clinic or an emergency vet:

• They're having trouble breathing.
• Their belly is swollen and hard, or they're trying to vomit without success.
• They can't get up or won't put any weight on a leg.
• They cry out when touched.
• They're bleeding, have fallen or have been hit.
• They've swallowed a product or medication that could be toxic.

While you wait for the appointment

• Offer calm: a quiet corner, a comfortable bed, fresh water.
• Limit effort: short leashed outings, no stairs or jumping if possible.
• Take notes: when it started, what seems to make it worse, what they're eating and drinking.
• Film them: a short video of how they walk or behave helps the vet a lot.

What not to do

• Never give your dog medication meant for people. Ibuprofen, acetaminophen and several others can be very dangerous for dogs. Only your veterinarian can prescribe pain treatment.
• Don't push exercise to "see if they're better."
• Don't wait for it to pass if the signs last more than a day or get worse.
• Handle them gently. A dog in pain may bite, even if they never have before.

After the visit: everyday comfort

Follow your veterinarian's plan and go back if things don't improve. At home, non-slip rugs, a firm bed and adapted outings can make the days easier. Our articles on joint stiffness and on adapting your home for an older dog offer practical ideas.

Frequently asked questions

Can a dog who wags their tail be in pain?

Yes. Tail wagging doesn't mean all is well. Look at their behaviour as a whole.

Are the signs different in an older dog?

Often they're slower and subtler: moving less, sleeping more, hesitating before stairs. It's tempting to blame age, but these signs deserve a vet visit.

How can I make them more comfortable in the meantime?

Rest, a comfortable bed, water and calm. For any pain relief, turn to your veterinarian.

In short

The signs of pain in dogs are often subtle: a change in mood, a different posture, a smaller appetite. You know your dog better than anyone. If something seems off, trust your instincts and call your veterinarian.